River Birch

Bitula nigra

Overview

The River Birch tree is native to flood plains and swamps in the eastern United States. Although it has little to no use for timber, it is one of the best fast-growing shade trees. Standing at about 60-80 feet tall and about 40 feet wide, the River Birch trees typically live anywhere from 50-75 years. The trunk can grow to 2 feet in diameter but can sometimes grow wider. The tree contains symmetrical branching and an pyramidal to upright oval form.

Cultivation

River Birch trees prefer full or partial sun exposure, but can also tolerate some shade. They prefer moist, well-drained soil, but can also tolerate a dynamic range of soil types, including clay, loam, and sand. The trees can survive cold temperatures and can grow anywhere from Minnesota all the way down to Florida.

Biodiversity Sustained

White-tailed deer browse the tree's twigs, buds, and foliage. Its seeds are eaten by grouse, turkeys, small birds, and rodents.

On Xavier's Campus, over the Next 20 Years, this Tree will:

Stormwater Runoff Intercepted: 6,360-7,820 gallons

CO2 Reduction: 6,360-7,820 lbs

Electricity Savings: 1,170-3,197 kilowatts/hour

Environmental Benefits (in US dollars) Over the Next Decade: $660-1092